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“快工”也能出細(xì)活--同軸送粉助推直接輸出半導(dǎo)體激光器實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜曲面加工

Time:2016-07-08

半導(dǎo)體激光器憑借加工效率高、能耗低、壽命長(zhǎng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被越來(lái)越多地應(yīng)用在激光制造和再制造領(lǐng)域。 直接半導(dǎo)體激光器的光斑常常為矩形光斑或?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)寬比接近的類方形光斑,相對(duì)于圓光斑,在同等的功率密度下,可以做到更大的光斑長(zhǎng)度,功率密度的分配也均勻,更適合熔覆過(guò)程中的搭接,提高了熔覆的效率,總體的熱量輸入和變形較小。隨著激光加工越來(lái)越普及,矩形和類方形光斑已經(jīng)在越來(lái)越多的領(lǐng)域逐漸取代了圓光斑,例如在液壓支架、軋輥、曲軸、柱塞等2D面零件的制造和修復(fù)上,都實(shí)現(xiàn)了激光制造與再制造的批量化加工。 面對(duì)非軸類非平面的3D復(fù)雜曲面以及體積較小的精細(xì)件加工時(shí),采用類方形光斑也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)圓形光斑完成的小曲率半徑表面的加工,但如何將金屬粉末送入類方形光斑產(chǎn)生的熔池是實(shí)現(xiàn)這種應(yīng)用的技術(shù)關(guān)鍵,研制一種能適配類方光斑的同軸送粉器就顯得尤為迫切。 西安炬光科技股份有限公司聯(lián)合西安交通大學(xué)王豫躍教授的研究團(tuán)隊(duì),實(shí)現(xiàn)了1500W~3000W直接輸出矩形方光斑激光器和同軸送粉的完美契合。在3D造型和修復(fù)領(lǐng)域,同軸送粉加高功率類方形大光斑激光器也有了用武之地。 與DLight3S適配的同軸送粉頭 同軸送粉以固氣兩相流作為理論支持,依照氣力輸送方式進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),激光束豎直射入送粉噴嘴中,經(jīng)過(guò)光路腔從其底端射出,進(jìn)而照射到基材上,與此同時(shí),外部的氣粉混合體經(jīng)過(guò)送粉器送入噴嘴,在送粉通道約束下按照固定的軌跡噴射到激光照射形成的熔池中,加上三維工作臺(tái)或者激光束的移動(dòng)完成對(duì)基材的熔覆。 同軸送粉嘴作為激光熔覆的關(guān)鍵部件,對(duì)于加工件的成型和質(zhì)量都有著重要的影響。同軸送粉依靠載氣的動(dòng)能把粉末均勻、穩(wěn)定、準(zhǔn)確的送進(jìn)熔池,隨著激光掃描的進(jìn)行,熔池凝固形成熔覆涂層。它的特點(diǎn)在于成形過(guò)程中粉末流和激光光斑同軸輸入,只要基體在垂直于光斑的平面上移動(dòng),任何方向移動(dòng)的效果都是相同的,這種方式克服了因激光束和材料引入的不對(duì)稱而帶來(lái)的對(duì)掃描方向的限制,同時(shí)同軸送粉實(shí)現(xiàn)了惰性氣體保護(hù),防止了粉末在激光成型過(guò)程中發(fā)生氧化,降低了沉積層的表面張力,提高了層與層之間的浸潤(rùn)性。 同軸送粉頭 通過(guò)理論計(jì)算和實(shí)際驗(yàn)證,同軸送粉加類方形光斑半導(dǎo)體直接輸出實(shí)現(xiàn)了粉末在邊長(zhǎng)3~6mm類方形范圍內(nèi)均勻準(zhǔn)確的匯聚。不同粒徑和球形度的粉末經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)后,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)單次200~1000微米厚度的熔覆。 ANSYS FLUENT粉末粒子流模擬 50微米的鈦合金粉末匯聚在2mm*2.5mm光斑焦點(diǎn)處 對(duì)粉末成型和熱量輸出控制嚴(yán)格的薄壁、3D曲面、形狀復(fù)雜零件,以及立面或者頂面的成型和修復(fù)在類方形光斑和同軸送粉的配合下,顯得輕而易舉。 球閥熔覆 軸承熔覆 在球閥和葉片的強(qiáng)化和修復(fù)上,同軸送粉加類方形光斑直接輸出半導(dǎo)體激光器正作為一種經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的加工方式,逐步推廣開(kāi)來(lái)。 半導(dǎo)體激光器修復(fù)球閥表面 關(guān)于炬光科技: 西安炬光科技股份有限公司成立于2007年9月,是一家專業(yè)從事激光光學(xué)器件、高功率半導(dǎo)體激光器件、光學(xué)應(yīng)用模塊、激光模塊,光學(xué)系統(tǒng)、激光系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)和銷售的國(guó)家級(jí)高新技術(shù)企業(yè)。公司擁有自主研發(fā)品牌、核心技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)、激光光學(xué)行業(yè)和高功率半導(dǎo)體激光器核心技術(shù),主要為生命科學(xué)、先進(jìn)制造、顯示與成像、科研與工程、OLED和汽車制造等領(lǐng)域提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化產(chǎn)品,并為客戶提供定制化、個(gè)性化的產(chǎn)品和全套應(yīng)用解決方案。
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